Lottery is the practice of determining the distribution of property or prizes by drawing lots. The practice can be traced back to ancient times, including references in the Old Testament that instruct Moses to take a census of the people of Israel and distribute land among them by lottery. Roman emperors used lotteries to give away slaves and property. In the 18th century, lottery games became popular in America, with Benjamin Franklin sponsoring a lottery to raise funds for cannons to defend Philadelphia against the British and Thomas Jefferson raising money to build a road across Virginia.
State lotteries generally operate as a monopoly for the government, with officials regulating and overseeing their activities. They typically begin operations with a modest number of relatively simple games and then, under the pressure to increase revenues, progressively expand their offerings in size and complexity. Often, these expansions are driven by a desire to attract younger players or those who have not participated in previous lotteries.
Lottery is one of the most popular forms of gambling in the United States and, like other forms of gambling, tends to prey on economically disadvantaged individuals. The majority of lottery players and revenues are drawn from middle-income neighborhoods, while those from lower-income areas play the game at significantly less than their percentage of the population. Additionally, research suggests that lottery play declines with formal education and that women and minorities play at lower rates than men and whites.